Exigent Challenge: The Negative Speaking Experiences of Senior High School Students in UM Peñaplata College

Lovely Tabog(1), Clyden Varquez(2), Geralyn Familgan(3*)

(1) UM Peñaplata College
(2) UM Peñaplata College
(3) UM Peñaplata College
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


This qualitative-phenomenological study envisioned understanding learners' negative experiences in speaking English inside the classroom at UM Peñaplata College, Island Garden City of Samal. It was emphasized in this study that learners experience emotional tensions, physiological symptoms, and mental difficulties when they speak English. Eight Grade 11 and 12 Senior High School participants in this study were involved in an In-depth Interview (IDI). Participants' negative experiences revealed six themes; inferiority complex, apprehension, indulging voluntary and involuntary movements, classroom distractions, difficulty in expressing thoughts, and teacher reproaches. From their coping mechanisms, seven themes emerged; diverting one’s attention, breathing techniques, composing oneself, crying behind closed doors, eating, cursing, and talking to trusted friends. Their insights exhibited four themes; lowers confidence level, induces motivation to strive more, furnishes avenues to gain lessons, and engenders disappointments and discouragements. Results suggested that for learners to overcome their negative speaking experiences, teachers' primary role is to create an environment that is student-friendly and convenient for them to speak their thoughts.


Full Text:

PDF

References


Askari, Javad, and Saeidi Masoumeh. "The Role of Negative Feedback in Motivation to Learn English

Speaking among Iranian EFL Learners." Theory and Practice in Language Studies, vol. 6, no. 8, 2016, pp. 1675-1683.

Ayodele, Olufunmilola J., and Stella B. Ayodele. "Anxiety and Inferiority Complex in Public Speaking."

International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention, vol. 4, no. 6, 2015, pp. 1-6. Accessed 3 July 2023.

Bardone-Cone, Anna M., Cass, Kelsey M., Ford, Julie A., and Lawson, Megan A. "Eating as a coping

mechanism among female college students." Appetite, vol. 107, 2016, pp. 252-256.ite, vol. 107, 2016, pp. 252-256.

Benoit, Marie, and Rémi Boulé. "The Use of Smartphones as a Coping Strategy for Anxiety." Journal of

Medical Internet Research, vol. 21, no. 7, 2019, e13385. doi:10.2196/13385.

Bermudez, Jay. "A Slap of Reality: Senior High School Students Are Poor in English." American

Institute for English Proficiency, 2020.

Boyce, Carol, and Peter Neale. "Conducting In-Depth Interviews: A Guide for Designing and Conducting

In-Depth Interviews for Evaluation Input." Pathfinder International Tool Series, Monitoring and Evaluation – 2, 2006.

Brown, Susan L., and Michael D. Smith. "The Impact of Teacher Criticism on Students' Self-Esteem and

Motivation: A Mixed-Methods Study." Educational Psychology, vol. 39, no. 2, 2019, pp. 237-256. doi: 10.1080/01443410.2018.1440387.

Bub, Kristen L., and Sarah J. Tracy. "Public Speaking Apprehension in the Undergraduate Classroom:

Student Perceptions and Experiences." Communication Education, vol. 67, no. 1, 2018, pp. 18-37. doi: 10.1080/03634523.2017.1392662.

Burns, Matthew, Laura W. Rinne, and Keri W. Kostelecky. "Classroom Distractions and Student

Speaking Performance." Journal of Communication Pedagogy, vol. 1, no. 1, 2020, pp. 29-42. doi: 10.7146/jcp.v1i1.117130.

Casterlé, Christine, Lieve Gastmans, Carine Bryon, and Ann Denier. "QUAGOL: A Guide for Qualitative

Data Analysis." International Journal of Nursing Studies, vol. 49, 2012, pp. 360-371.

Clark, Torrin K., and Matthias Braun. "Conceptualizing Themes, Thematic Analysis, Sample Size Tool."

International Journal of Social Research Methodology, vol. 19, no. 6, 2016, pp. 739-743.

Creswell, John W. "Qualitative Inquiry and Research Design: Choosing Among Five Approaches." Sage

Publications, 2007.

Creswell, John W. "Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods and Approaches."

rd ed., Sage, 2009.

Creswell, John W., and Cheryl N. Poth. Qualitative Inquiry and Research Design: Choosing Among Five

Approaches. 4th ed., SAGE, 2019. https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/qualitative-inquiry-and-research-design/book246896.

Davis, Emily K. "The Role of Crying as a Coping Mechanism after Public Speaking: A Qualitative

Study." International Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, vol. 21, no. 1, 2019, pp. 77-85.

de Godoy, Taís D., de Oliveira Silva, Ellen C. A., de Souza, Bruna A. R., and de Carvalho Godinho, Luís

A. "Data Triangulation in Qualitative Research: A Comprehensive Guide." Journal of Health Sciences, vol. 7, no. 25, 2021, pp. 105-113. doi: https://doi.org/10.15547/revistadeh.gv25.e641.

Dudovskiy, John. "Business Research Methodology." P (4) V 3-7, 2011.

Eccles, Jacquelynne S., and Robert W. Roeser. "Schools as Developmental Contexts during

Adolescence." Journal of Research on Adolescence, vol. 19, no. 1, 2009, pp. 5-22. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-7795.2009.00590.x.

Evans, Jessica R. "Breathing Techniques for Speaking: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis."

Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, vol. 62, no. 8, 2019, pp. 2935-2949. doi: 10.1044/2019_JSLHR-S-18-0398.

Fakharan, Leila, Alipour, Ahmad, and Hassanpour, Hamid. "The Impact of Inferiority Complex on Self-

Confidence in High School Students." Journal of Educational Psychology, vol. 108, no. 6, 2016, pp. 829-838.

Fink, Arlene. "Conducting Research Literature Reviews: From the Internet to Paper." 2nd ed., Thousand

Oaks, 2005.

Haradhan, Mohammad. "Research Methodology." MPRA, 2017. Retrieved from https://mpra.ub.uni-

muenchen.de/83457/. Accessed 11 Nov. 2021.

Harra, Carmen. "Overcoming the Fear of Public Speaking." HuffPost, 2017. Retrieved from

https://www.huffpost.com/entry/overcoming-the-fear-of-public-peaking_b_5986f833e4b0bd82320298b7.

Harris, Jennifer. "Overcoming Students' Fear of Public Speaking." Edutopia, 2018. Retrieved from

https://www.edutopia.org/article/overcoming-students-fear-public-speaking.

Harvey, John H. "Composing Oneself as a Coping Mechanism for Public Speaking Anxiety." Journal of

Social and Clinical Psychology, vol. 35, no. 5, 2016, pp. 367-383.

Heatherton, Todd F., and Roy F. Baumeister. "Public Speaking Anxiety: Perceived Competence and Task

Distraction as Moderators of the Anxiety-Performance Relationship." Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, vol. 60, no. 6, 1991, pp. 819-826. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.60.6.819.

Hyatt, Michael. "The Power of Failure: How to Turn Setbacks into Success." Forbes, 29 Oct. 2019.

Retrieved from https://www.forbes.com/sites/michaelhyatt/2019/10/29/the-power-of-failure-how-to-turn-setbacks-into-success/?sh=3a0a5a7a2023.

Januariza, Yuni, and Sri Hendriani. "Student Anxiety in Learning Speaking." Proceedings of ISELT FBS

Universitas Negeri Padang, vol. 4, no. 2, 2016, pp. 468-474.

Jarrow, Kira. "Productivity Time Management." Journal of Time, view at P09-UDHH.DOC, 2012.

Jay, Timothy. "The Utility and Ubiquity of Taboo Words." Perspectives on Psychological Science, vol. 4,

no. 2, 2009, pp. 153-161.

Johnson, Jennifer P., and Douglas A. Bernstein. "The Effects of Teacher Criticism on Students in the

Classroom." Journal of Educational Psychology, vol. 97, no. 3, 2005, pp. 365-376. doi: 10.1037/0022-0663.97.3.365.

Kabilan, Marianne Kim, Fabilah, and Azmi, Mohd Nazri Latiff. "Teaching speaking to ESL/EFL

learners: Problems and suggestions." English Language Teaching, vol. 5, no. 9, 2012, pp. 96-106. doi:10.5539/elt.v5n9p96.

Kamali, Fatemeh, and Masoumeh Rezazadeh. "The Effectiveness of Diaphragmatic Breathing in

Reducing Public Speaking Anxiety: A Systematic Review." International Journal of Medical Reviews.

Keshavarz, Mehran and Keshavarz, Mohammad Hasan. "The Role of Negative Feedback in the

Motivation of EFL Learners." Journal of Language and Linguistic Studies, vol. 10, no. 1, 2014, pp. 21-34.

Khansir, Ali. "The Impact of Process Ability Theory on the Speaking Abilities of Iranian EFL Learners."

Journal of Language Teaching and Research, vol. 6, no. 2, March 2015, pp. 343-349.

Killingsworth, John. "Appeals in Modern Rhetoric." Southern Illinois University Press.

Korstjens, Irene. "Series: Practical Guidance to Qualitative Research. Part 4: Trustworthiness and

Publishing." European Journal of General Practice, vol. 24, no. 1, 2018, pp. 120-124. doi: 10.1080/13814788.2017.1375092.

Lai Mei, Leong, and Masoumeh Sadeghi. "An Analysis of Factors Influencing Learners’ English-

Speaking Skill." School of Educational Studies, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia, 2017.

Lambright, Kristina, Lee, Soo Jeong, Peterson, Samantha, and Greeson, Matthew. "Using Maximum

Variation Sampling in Educational Research: A Mixed Methods Study." Journal of Mixed Methods Research, vol. 13, no. 1, 2019, pp. 50–68. doi: 10.1177/1558689819862849.

Louma, Susan (2004). Assessing Speaking. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Lundquist, Sarah (2016). Composing oneself: A Coping mechanism for speaking through mental blocks.

Communication Education, 65(4), 454-474. doi: 10.1080/03634523.2016.1189267.

Malley, Sarah, and Hawkins, Amanda. Engaging Communities. Writing Ethnographic Research. Elegant

Themes Pub. House, 2018.

Matthiessen, Eric J., and Pennebaker, James W. "Inferiority complex and public speaking anxiety:

Examining the mediating role of self-esteem." Communication Research Reports, vol. 34, no. 1,

, pp. 42-51. doi: 10.1080/08824096.2016.1268736.

Moser, Andrea. "Series: Practical Guidance to Qualitative Research. Part 4: Trustworthiness and

Publishing." European Journal of General Practice, vol. 24, no. 1, 2018, pp. 120-124. doi: 10.1080/13814788.2017.1375092.

Neubauer, Bernhard, and Witcop, Carsten. "How Phenomenology Can Help Us Learn from The

Experiences of Others." 2019. Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Nordlund, Eva. "Oral Communication in English Classes at Senior High School." 2004. Luleå Tekniska

Universitet Lärarutbildning Allmänt.

Novak, Kenneth. "Police and Society- Seventh Edition." 2016. P (2) V 2-10.

Openshaw, Linda. "School-based Support Groups for Traumatized Students." 2011. School psychology

International, 32 (2), 163-178.

Ozer, Emily J., and Rhona S. Weinstein. "The Role of Support, School Safety, and Social Constraints in a

School-based Sample of Boys and Girls." Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, vol. 33, no. 3, 2004, pp. 463-476.

Pabro-Maquidato, Ivy M. "The Experience of English-Speaking Anxiety and Coping Strategies: A

Transcendental Phenomenological Study." International Journal of TESOL & Education, 2021.

Pardo, Jennifer, Barnett-Cowan, Michael, and Barss, Trevor M. "Voluntary and involuntary movement

during oral presentations: An exploratory study." Frontiers in Psychology 11 (2020): 1161. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01161.

Pardo, Jennifer, Barss, Trevor M., and Barnett-Cowan, Michael. "Laughing at the speaker: An

exploratory study of students' experiences with classroom laughter during oral presentations." Journal of Language and Social Psychology 36, no. 3 (2017): 292-310. doi: 10.1177/0261927X17697317.

Patton, Michael Q. "Qualitative Research and Evaluation Methods." 4th ed., Sage, 2015.

Paul, Annie Murphy. "The Benefits of Making Mistakes." The New York Times, 13 Nov. 2011,

https://www.nytimes.com/2011/11/13/magazine/learning-by-failing.html.

Peters, Kim, and Christina Peifer. "Crying behind Closed Doors: The Role of Crying in Post-event

Processing after Public Speaking." Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, vol. 38, no. 4, 2019, pp. 299-320.

Pickett, Sarah M., and Rachel J. Lewis. "Emotional Eating as a Coping Mechanism for Public Speaking

Anxiety." Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, vol. 38, no. 8, 2019, pp. 619-635.

Pienemann, Manfred. "A Brief Introduction to Processability Theory." In Processability Approaches to

Second Language Development and Second Language Learning, edited by Jurg-U. Kebler, 9-30. Newcastle: Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2008.

Sarnika, Chandrika. "Types and Functions of Swear Words Used in American Sitcom How I Met Your

Mother Season One." Journal of Language and Literature, vol. 6, no. 2, 2018.

Shenton, Andrew K. "Strategies for Ensuring Trustworthiness in Qualitative Research Projects."

Education for Information, vol. 22, no. 2, 2004, pp. 63-75.

Sihotang, Antonius M., Sitanggang, Friska, Hasugian, Natasya, and Saragih, Edo. "The Effective Way to

Develop Speaking Skills." IDEAS: Journal on English Language Teaching and Learning, Linguistics and Literature, vol. 9, no. 1, 2021.

Skinner, Burrhus Frederic. Behaviorism Theory of Language. The Fundamentals of Speaking Theories of

Language. Woodburn Press, 1985.

Spradley, James P. "Approaches of Qualitative Research. Factual Analysis." P.J784 74, 1980

Tracy, Steven J., and Erbert, Laura A. "Speaking apprehension in the classroom: A comprehensive review

of the literature." Communication Education, vol. 68, no. 3, 2019, pp. 313-330. doi: 10.1080/03634523.2019.1597694.

Walker, Claire. "Speaking Out: Why Is Public Speaking Important for Students?" The Guardian, 17 Oct.

https://www.theguardian.com/teachernetwork/2017/oct/17/speaking-out-why-is-public-speaking-important-for-students

Washington, Jennifer A., Johnson, Lisa J., Scott, LaKeisha S., and Alexander, Rebecca. "Speech

Disfluency in the Classroom: Examining the Impact of Stuttering on Teachers and Students." Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools, vol. 49, no. 4, 2018, pp. 659-674. doi: 10.1044/2018_LSHSS-STLT1-17-0106.

Wijayanti, Dian. "The Essay of Behaviorism Theory of Language Teaching and Learning."

Wordpress.com/2012/10/11/the-essay-of-behaviorism-theory-of-language-teaching-and-learning/, 2012.

Witt, David L., Raison, Charles L., and Bodie, James E. "The Relationship Between Apprehension and

Self-Confidence in College Students." Journal of College Counseling, vol. 7, no. 2, 2004, pp. 137-144.

Witt, Jessica K., and Plackowski, Emily R. "The Relationship Between Movement and Speech: How

Voluntary and Involuntary Movements Affect Speech Production." Journal of Language and Social Psychology, vol. 37, no. 4, 2018, pp. 441-460. doi: 10.1177/0261927X17753144.

Yilmaz, Kursat. "Comparison of Quantitative and Qualitative Research Traditions: Epistemological,

Theoretical, and Methodological Differences." European Journal of Education, vol. 48, no. 2, 2013, pp. 311-325.

Zandian, Shahla, and Taghinezhad, Hadi. "The Impact of Negative Experiences in Speaking on Students'

Motivation to Learn English as a Foreign Language." International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Research, vol. 3, no. 2, 2015, pp. 11-17.




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30998/inference.v6i1.19448

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Published by:
Universitas Indraprasta PGRI

Address: Kampus A Building 2, 3rd Floor | Jl. Nangka No. 58 C (TB. Simatupang), Kel. Tanjung Barat, Kec. Jagakarsa, Jakarta Selatan 12530, Jakarta, Indonesia.
Phone: +62 (021) 7818718 – 78835283 | Close in sunday and public holidays in Indonesia
Work Hours: 09.00 AM – 08.00 PM
Best hours to visit: From 9 am to 11 am or after 3 pm. The busiest times are between 11 am and 3 pm.

Creative Commons License
INFERENCE: Journal of English Language Teaching is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License