Representasi Mitos dan Ideologi dalam Meme Visualisasi Cadar di Internet: Perspektif Semiotika
(1) STIDDI AL-HIKMAH JAKARTA
(2) Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis makna reprsentasi, mitos, dan ideologi dalam meme dengan visualisasi cadar di internet. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitaitif dengan analisis tektsual media massa. Analisis tektsual dalam penelitian ini menggunakan dua pendekatan yaitu teori semiotika dan teori representasi. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa makna denotasinya cadar merupakan ajaran Islam dan berfungsi untuk menjaga aurat perempuan Muslimah dan sebagai simbol ajaran Islam. Makna konotasinya bahwa cadar dinggap sebagai produk budaya Arab yang konservatif yang melawan budaya nusantara. Makna mitos dalam meme menunjukkan bahwa cadar adalah menjadi simbol budaya teroris dan konservatif. Secara ideologi, meme dengan visualiasi cadar bermakna pembelaan terhadap Islamisme dan menentang stigma negatif terhadap cadar. Dalam konteks budaya, cadar direpresentasikan sebagai budaya generasi alay, budaya Ninja, budaya Tarzan, budaya Konde dan berbagai budaya lainnya. Dalam konteks Islam, cadar bagi perempuan Muslimah direpresentasikan sebagai ideologi konservatif, radikal, anarkis, gelap, dan kebodohan.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Al-Sudeary, M. (2012). Representations of the Veil in Modern Fiction. Interventions: International Journal of Postcolonial Studies, 14(4), 533–550. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369801X.2012.730859
Alakwe, K. O. (2017). Positivism and Knowledge Inquiry: From Scientific Method to Media and Communication Research. Science Arena Publications Specialty Journal of Humanities and Cultural Science, 2(3), 38–46. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/319186037_Positivism_and_Knowledge_Inquiry_From_Scientific_Method_to_Media_and_Communication_Research
Ariani, I., & Rachmadani, F. (2020). Internet memes with feminist content as a communication media of philosophical meaning through building a deep understandings on women’s positions. Jurnal Komunikasi: Malaysian Journal of Communication, 36(2), 106–123. https://doi.org/10.17576/JKMJC-2020-3602-07
Astuti, Y. D. (2016). Media dan Gender (Studi Deskriptif Representasi Stereotipe Perempuan dalam Iklan di Televisi Swasta). Profetik Jurnal Komunikasi, 9(2), 1–8.
Avi, S. (2013). Voguing the Veil: Exploring an Emerging Youth Subculture of Muslim Women Fashioning a New Canadian Identity [Disertasi S3, Department of Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies, Faculty of Education University of Ottawa]. https://ruor.uottawa.ca/bitstream/10393/26226/1/Alvi_Saba_2013_Thesis.pdf
Barthes, R. (1957). Mythologies. Paladin.
Baudrillard, J. (2000). The Vital illusion. Columbia University Press.
Berger, A. A. (2014). Semiotics and Society. Society, Vol. 51(1), 22–26. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12115-013-9731-4
Berger, P. L., & Luckmann, T. (1967). The Social Construction of Reality. Penguin Books. https://doi.org/10.1163/157006812X634872
Botz-Bornstein, T. (2013). Can the veil be cool? Journal of Religion and Popular Culture, 25(2), 249–263. https://doi.org/10.3138/jrpc.25.2.249
Botz-Bornstein, T. (2015). Veils, Nudity, and Tattoos: The New Feminine Aesthetics. Lexington Books.
Branston, G., & Stafford, R. (2003). The Media Student’s Book (3 ed.). Routledge Taylor & Francis Group.
Branston, G., & Stafford, R. (2010). The Media Student’s Book (5 ed.). Routledge.
Bullock, K. (2002). Rethinking Muslim Women and The Veil: Challenging Historical & Modern Steretotypes (S. Nakhooda (ed.)). The International Institute of Islamic Thought.
Chaudhry, A. A. (2021). Representations of the Veil in British Media: A Critical Study of ‘ Gendered Islamophobia ’ and Muslim Women as the Focal Point in Political and Religious. https://www.academia.edu/40482721/Representations_of_the_Veil_in_British_Media_Muslim_Women_Gendered_Islamophobia_and_Socio_Political_and_Religious_Discourse_in_the_Politics_of_the_State
Dewi, P. A. R., & Dharmawan, A. (2019). Niqab Sebagai Fashion: Dialektik Konservatisme dan Budaya Populer. Jurnal Scriptura, Vol. 9(1), 9–15. https://doi.org/10.9744/scriptura.9.1.9-15
Eriyanto. (2013). Analisis Isi: Pengantar Metodologi untuk Penelitian Komunikasi dan Ilmu-Ilmu Sosial Lainnya. Kencana Prenada Media Group.
Fathzadeh, F. (2021). The veil: an embodied ethical practice in Iran. Journal of Gender Studies, 30(2), 150–164. https://doi.org/10.1080/09589236.2020.1863194
Frisina, A., & Hawthorne, C. (2018). Italians with veils and Afros: gender, beauty, and the everyday anti-racism of the daughters of immigrants in Italy. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 44(5), 718–735. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369183X.2017.1359510
Gaines, E. (2010). Entertainment, Culture, Ideology, and Myth. In Media Literacy and Semiotics. Semiotics and Popular Culture. Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230115514_6
Ghumkhor, S. (2012). The Veil and Modernity. Interventions: International Journal of Postcolonial Studies, 14(4), 493–514. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369801X.2012.730857
Gustavsson, G., van der Noll, J., & Sundberg, R. (2016). Opposing the veil in the name of liberalism: popular attitudes to liberalism and Muslim veiling in the Netherlands. Ethnic and Racial Studies, 39(10), 1719–1737. https://doi.org/10.1080/01419870.2015.1124126
Handayani, D. (2014). Performatifitas Muslimah dalam Majalah Ummi. At Tabsyir: Jurnal Komunikasi Penyiaran Islam, 2(1).
Handoyo, P. (2016). Representasi Perempuan dalam Media di Indonesia. Seminar Nasional Gender & Budaya Madura III. https://doi.org/10.31937/ultimacomm.v9i1.876
Hartley, J. (2018). Communication, Cultural and Media Studies: The Key Concepts (3 ed.). Routledge Taylor & Francis Group. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203136379
Hasyim, M. (2015). Myth and Ideology Construction in Indonesia Television Advertising: a Semiotic Based Approach. International Journal of Communication and Media Studies (IJCMS), 5(1). https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/132584326.pdf
Holland, S. (2016). Veils, nudity, and tattoos: the new feminine aesthetic. Journal of Gender Studies, 25(5), 618–619. https://doi.org/10.1080/09589236.2016.1216799
Ida, R. (2014). Studi Media dan Kajian Budaya. Prenada Media Group.
Ida, R. (2017). Budaya Populer Indonesia: Diskursus Global/Lokal dalam Budaya Populer Indonesia (R. Ida (ed.)). Airlangga Unversity Press.
Imai, K. (2017). Quantitative Social Science: An Introduction. Princeton University Press.
Izharuddin, A. (2015). The Muslim Woman in Indonesian Cinema and the Face Veil As ‘Other’’.’ Indonesia and the Malay World, 43(127), 397–412. https://doi.org/10.1080/13639811.2015.1033162
Latif, S. A., Fernando, H., & Larasati, Y. G. (2022). Simbol dan Makna: Penyebaran Meme Narkoba di Instagram. Jurnal Komunikasi, 17(1), 17–32. https://doi.org/10.20885/komunikasi.vol17.iss1.art2
Listyani, R. H., Sadewo, F. S., Bustami, M. R., Mudzakkir, M., & Susanti, E. (2021). Indonesian Teen Romanticism: The Underlying Ideology of “Film Television” (FTV) During Covid-19 Pandemic from Gender Perspective. The Journal of Society and Media, 5(1), 129–150. https://doi.org/10.26740/jsm.v5n1.p129-150
Lorusso, A. M. (2016). Cultural Semiotics. In Cultural Semiotics. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137546999
Marlina, I. (2019). Paham Gender Melalui Media Sosial. Habitus: Jurnal Pendidikan, Sosiologi, & Antropologi, 2(2). https://doi.org/10.20961/habitus.v2i2.28800
McKee, A. (2003). Textual Analysis: A Beginner’s Guide. SAGE Publications Ltd.
Miski. (2021). Amplifikasi Ajaran Islam dalam Meme Hadis Larangan Perempuan Bepergian Tanpa Mahram di Media Sosial Indonesia. Jurnal Studi Ilmu-ilmu Al-Qur’an dan Hadis, 2(1), 230–254. https://doi.org/10.14421/qh.2021.2201-11
Morales, S. S. (2013). Myth and the Construction of Meaning in Mediated Culture. Kome-An International Journal of Pure Communication Inquiry, 1(2), 33–43.
Mukarom, Z. (2019). Media dan Women (Analiysis on Gender and Sexuality in Mass Media Construction). American Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Research, 03(10), 43–50. https://www.academia.edu/40815458/MEDIA_AND_WOMEN_Analysis_on_Gender_and_Sexuality_in_Mass_Media_Construction
Muntazori, A. F. (2020). Dakwah Visual: Ekspresi Keimanan Seorang Muslim dalam Poster Digital. Human Narratives, 1(2), 88–102. https://doi.org/10.30998/hn.v1i2.351
Muntazori, A. F. (2021). Representasi Takwa dalam Banner Dakwah Ramadhan. Human Narratives, 2(2), 89–107. http://doi.org/10.30998/hnr.v2i2.944
Nasrullah, R. (2015). Media Sosial: Perspektif Komunikasi, Budaya, dan Sosioteknologi. Bandung: Simbiosa Rekatama Media. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-3137-4
Nigam, S. (2022). The Veil as a Symbol of Revolution: Hijab, Feminism and, Authoritarianism in India and Afghanistan. SSRN Electronic Journal, February. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4145677
Odu, A. S., & Aluko, T. A. (2022). Positivism Research Philosophy and Media and Communication Studies. Quest Journal: Jurnal of Research in Humanities and Socical Science, 10(6), 28–35. https://www.questjournals.org/jrhss/papers/vol10-issue6/Ser-5/E10062835.pdf
Olawale S., K.-D., & Raifu, F. G. (2020). Investigating the Importance of Wearing Hijab by Muslim Women. Insan Cita Journal of Islamic Studies in Indonesia and Southeast Asia, 5(1), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.2121/incita-jisisea.v5i1.1328.g1155
Öztürk, E., Serdar, A., & Nygren, K. G. (2022). The veil as an object of right-wing populist politics: a comparative perspective of Turkey, Sweden, and France. Identities: Global Studies in Culture and Power, 29(4), 538–555. https://doi.org/10.1080/1070289X.2022.2029067
Palmas, L. Q., & Stagi, L. (2018). Wearing a Veil. Gender and Generations in Post Revolution Tunisia. Italian Journal of Sociology of Education, 10(2), 9–23. https://doi.org/10.14658/pupj-ijse-2018-2-2
Piliang, Y. A. (2012). Semiotika dan Hipersemiotika Kode, Gaya & Matinya Makna (A. Adlin (ed.); 4 ed.). Matahari.
Piliang, Y. A., & Jaelani, J. (2018). Teori Budaya Kontemporer (U. Rama (ed.)). Aurora.
Pirmasari, D. A. (2021). To veil or not to veil? Islamic dress and control over women’s public appearance. Journal of Gender Studies, 30(2), 136–149. https://doi.org/10.1080/09589236.2020.1863199
Putra, R. A. (2022). Cornered Islamic Society : A Critical Discourse Analysis on Islamophobic Memes. JELTL (Journal of English Language Teaching and Linguistics), 7(3), 479–495. https://dx.doi.org/10.21462/jeltl.v7i3.897
Rosida, I., & Wulansari, S. (2018). The Representation of Islam Identity on the Commercial TV’s Advertisements. 154(Icclas 2017), 129–131. https://doi.org/10.2991/icclas-17.2018.31
Rusadi, U. (2015). Kajian Media: Isu Ideologis dalam Perspektif, Teori dan Metode. PT. Raja Grafindo Persada.
Saiya, N., & Manchanda, S. (2020). Do burqa bans make us safer? Veil prohibitions and terrorism in Europe. Journal of European Public Policy, 27(12), 1781–1800. https://doi.org/10.1080/13501763.2019.1681494
Slininger, S. (2014). Veiled Women: Hijab, Religion, and Cultural Practice. https://www.eiu.edu/historia/Slininger2014.pdf
Sobur, A. (2009). Semiotika Komunikasi. Remaja Rosdakarya.
Sunaryanto. (2022). Semiotika Dakwah Digital dalam Meme Ajakan Shalat Jum’at. Komunida: Media Komunikasi dan Dakwah, 12(2), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.35905/komunida.v12i2
Sunaryanto, Bakti, A. F., & Soleha, Y. (2021). Meme Korupsi Dana Bantuan Sosial Covid-19 Juliari Batubara di Media Siber: Perspektif Meaning and Media. Jurnal Desain, 9(3), 339–354. https://doi.org/10.30998/jd.v9i3.11396
Teluma, A. R. L. (2021). Ekonomi Politik Media Feminis Dan Cyberfeminism: Sebuah Perspektif. Verba Vitae: Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi, 2(2), 111–120. https://journal.unwira.ac.id/index.php/VERBAVITAE/article/view/1164/366
Thwaties, T. (2009). Introducing Cultural dan Media Studies. Jalasutra.
Wagner, W., Sen, R., Permanadeli, R., & Howarth, C. S. (2012). The veil and Muslim women’s identity: Cultural pressures and resistance to stereotyping. Culture and Psychology, 18(4), 521–541. https://doi.org/10.1177/1354067X12456713
Weintraub, A. N. (2011). Introduction: The study of Islam and popular culture in Indonesia and Malaysia. In A. N. Weintraub (Ed.), Islam and Popular Culture in Indonesia and Malaysia. Routledge.
Wiggins, B. E. (2019). The Discursive Power of Memes in Digital Culture: Ideology, Semiotics, and Intertextuality. Routledge Taylor & Francis Group.
Yoon, S. (2019). K-POP Fandom in Veil: Religious Reception and Adaptation to Popular Culture. Journal of Indonesian Islam, Vol. 13(1), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.15642/JIIS.2019.13.1.1-20
Zempi, I. (2018). Vei led Muslim women’s views on law banning the wearing of the niqab (face veil) in public. http://irep.ntu.ac.uk/id/eprint/35508/1/13032_Zempi.pdf
Zempi, I. (2019). Veiled Muslim women’s views on law banning the wearing of the niqab (face veil) in public. Ethnic and Racial Studies, 42(15), 2585–2602. https://doi.org/10.1080/01419870.2019.1588985
Zempi, I., & Chakraborti, N. (2014). Constructions of Islam, Gender and the Veil. Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1057/978113735614.0004
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30998/jd.v11i2.17671
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2024 Sunaryanto Sunaryanto
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Editorial Office:
Institute for Research and Community services (LPPM)
Universitas Indraprasta PGRI
Address: Campus A Building 3, 2nd Floor | Jl. Nangka No. 58 C (TB. Simatupang), Kel. Tanjung Barat, Kec. Jagakarsa, Jakarta Selatan 12530, Jakarta, Indonesia.
Phone: (021) 7818718 – 78835283 ext. 123
Work Hour: 09.00 AM – 08.00 PM | Close in sunday and public holidays in Indonesia
Jurnal Desain is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.